Electrokinetic-Ion Propulsion or Genuine Gravity Modification? end.

The origins of Lifter technology today began with research started back in 1927, conducted by the illustrious Thomas Townsend Brown. Among the first scientific pioneers considering radiation (other than light) actually permeates throughout the entire universe, Brown intuitively understood that some previously unrecognized aspect of this radiation could be the true source of gravitation. In this theory, he suspected the actual motive force of gravitation to be better described as a “push” and not a “pull.” Since it was well know Nature abhor a vacuum, it seemed fairly logical to Brown to begin searching for some type of mechanism to aid in the transmission of these gravitational forces. As a physicist, Brown clearly understood the physical substance of the universe is nothing more than an organized assemblage of infinite energy to be manipulated. To him it was only self-evident that matter is connected with gravitation, and thus it also followed that electricity must be similarly interconnected. Ultimately, Brown speculated that these two mysterious forces constituted the true, hidden backbone of the universe.

Joining forces with Professor Paul Alfred Biefeld, what ultimately became known as the “Biefield-Brown Effect” was soon discovered. It was Dr. Biefeld who originally stated, “I am constantly on the look-out for something that might represent an electrodynamic-gravitational coupling.” When Brown asked Dr. Biefeld, “If such a coupling did exist, what (physical) instrumentality might it resemble?” At this moment, Dr. Biefeld unequivocally replied, “the capacitor!” This guiding principal lead to remarkable developments, and the creation of numerous large and small electrical condensers, that when fully charged with high voltage current, would move towards their positive poles, and continued to do so until discharged. It was understood that such movement did not contradict any known scientific law, since it is accepted that every action carries within it an equal and opposite reaction. Similar experiments were conducted throughout the 1950s and early 1960s, proving a reaction force was always present, but in the case of gravitation, was not readily distinguishable from other surrounding forces.

US Patent 2,949,550 – T Townsend Brown’s Electrokinetic Apparatus
US2949550 – T Townsend Brown’s Electrokinetic Apparatus
US2949550
Thomas Townsend Brown, better known as T. Townsend Brown, filed to patent his Electrokinetic Apparatus in 1957. Patent US2,949,550 was granted in 1960. Brown’s saucer-shaped Electrokinetic Apparatus was an anti-gravity device containing no moving parts which was capable of amazing speeds.

In 1963, a corporation named Raytheon — best known for its multitudinous War Crimes — patented a similar device (US3114517A).

Brown held several patents related to energy and gravity, and worked on a number of US military projects throughout his lifetime, mostly as a consultant.

Thomas Townsend Brown died in 1985.

original full length video recording:

Antigravity – Electrogravity

Experiments of Thomas Townsend Brown

Bahnson Laboratory 1958 – 1960

A Proposed Electrodynamic Thrusting Mechanism

by Charles A, Yost

Electric Space Craft – January 2002 Issue 33

Ions move relatively slowly at normal atmospheric pressure. Their motion is hampered because free ions tend to aggregate on neutral molecules, forming high-inertia molecular structures. Ions loaned between oppositely-charged electrodes, however, migrate much more rapidly, since their path is well-directed. This interelectronic motion constitutes an ion leakage current. Polarization also occurs and adds an attrac-tive force between neutral molecules and an electrode. Since the polarization field is much more intense and nonlinear around smaller electrodes, the ions produced around the smaller electrode arc most likely to flow to the opposite electrode as leakage convection currents. No thrust is produced by the leakage current.

Ions which do not migrate to the opposite electrode form a cloud of charge, which is known as a space charge. To some degree, these charges exert repulsive and attractive coulomb forces on the electrodes. They also comprise the ion wind. The net electric force, then, is the sum of the surrounding space charge forces and the wind mass acceleration force. A charged, asymmetric capacitor will undergo motion, in part, because the repulsion from the space charge accumulating near the larger, low-intensity electrode will be greater than the repulsion from die space charge accumulating near the smaller, high-in tensity electrode.

A spark discharge between the electrodes does not neutralize the coulomb forces of the surrounding space charges. However, the current that arises to replace the capacitor charge introduces dynamic forces which are likely to increase the repulsive force of the larger electrode and the net attractive polarization force between molecules at the smaller electrode in accordance with the electrokinctic forces described in Causality, Electromagnetic Induction and Gravitation, by Oleg Jefimcnko. In addition, there are other nonlinear forces generated by sudden discharges that are not understood so well. If these are electrogravitic in nature, they must be of extremely short duration.

During high-voltage experimentation, ions tend to permeate the laboratory and collect on everything. Then, coulomb polarization and charging and pulsed forces interact. OnceT. T. Brown, Agnew Bahnson, and USAF researchers eliminated the ion flows and electrostatic coulomb force effects from their experimental apparatus, no thrust could be observed. Still, the experimenters never explained or elaborated on the effects of the dynamic fields produced by spark discharges, or the much larger forces generated thereafter.

NASA Torsion Test In A Vacuum Chamber

Here are some comments about the asymmetrical capacitors tested in High Vacuum :

These tests have been performed in the NASA NSSTC LEEIF vacuum chamber at the Marshall Space Flight Center in Huntsville (Alabama).

The vacuum is a High Vacuum at 1.72 x 10^-6 Torr, this is equal of vacuum space conditions at about 350 km far from the earth ground. For information, flying at an altitude of 100 km is equal to a space flight…

In the video of the tests, two asymmetrical capacitors are mounted on a rotating arm with a torsion wire used as a rotational axis.

A potential difference between the wire and the main armature of the asymmetrical capacitor is slowly increased from 0 to +45 KV.

These tests have been conducted by Gravitec Inc and the NASA on July 3, 2003 and haven’t been published until today due to confidential reasons…

Tests results :

At the atmospherical pressure, we can observe a thrust in the plan of rotation and directly applied on the asymmetrical capacitors when the voltage is increased from 0 to +45 KV. This produces a torque on the apparatus. When the voltage is back down to 0 V, the device retrieves its initial position.

At the pressure of 1.72 x 10^-6 Torr ( High Vacuum conditions ), the apparatus rotates when the High Voltage is increased from 0 to +45 KV. However the thrust observed is weaker than at the atmospherical pressure. When the voltage is back down to 0 V, the device retrieves its initial position.

The oscillation of the apparatus in the horizontal plan is amplified with a parametrical effect due to the superposition of impulsions.
Conclusions : This experiment is very interesting and shows definitely that a force is produced on asymmetrical capacitors when a High Voltage of +45KV is applied between their armatures in a High Vacuum ( 1.72 x 10^-6 Torr ).

The force applied on an asymmetrical capacitor is composed of two parts :

An eletrokinetics part produced by the ions kinetic momentum transfer, and the attraction of the main armature by the ionic cloud generated by the wire. This effect occurs only at atmospherical pressure.

An electrogravitics part, this is the most interesting part, which can be observed only in High Vacuum conditions. This phenomenon, called the Biefeld-Brown effect, shows that it is possible to move an asymmetrical capacitor when it is energized with High Voltage. Although this force is weaker than the electrokinetics thrust in atmospherical pressure and although this thrust is not able to lift a standard Lifter placed in the earth gravity field, this experiment confirms a major phenomenon in the field of advanced propulsion because we have here a direct conversion of electricity into thrust…

Now, we can imagine space vehicles which will be able to move in deep space by using the direct conversion of electricity ( from solar panels, thermo-electric or electro-nuclear generators ) into thrust… This can be done without the need of conventional propellants or neutral gas ( this a propellantless propulsion )